【名词&注释】
心理特征(psychological characteristics)、基本要求(basic requirements)、评分标准(marking standard)、课堂气氛(classroom atmosphere)、积极因素(positive factors)、积极进取(keep forging ahead actively)、放任自流(let students be)、润物细无声、长时间工作(working long time)、献给孩子们
[多选题]材料:
苏霍姆林斯基说:"一个好老师意味着什么?首先意味着他是这样一个人,他热爱孩子,感到和孩子在一起交往是一种乐趣,相信每个孩子都能成为好人,善于跟他们交朋友,关心孩子们的快乐和悲伤,了解孩子的心灵。"马克思说:"只能用爱来交换爱,只能用信任来交换信任。"高尔基说:"谁爱孩子,孩子就爱谁,只有爱孩子的人才会教育孩子。"
根据上述材料给你的启示,联系实际,写一篇文章。要求:用规范的现代汉语写作,不要脱离材料内容或含义。题目自拟,立意自定,观点明确,分析具体,条理清晰,语言流畅。文体不限,不少于1000字。
A. 【参考范文】师爱无限
高尔基曾经说过:"只有爱孩子的人,他才可以教育孩子。"师爱,是教育的前提和开始,是通往教育成功的桥梁,也是最基本的教育原则。"随风潜入夜,润物细无声。"
教育心理学家认为,师爱是教师的理智感、美感和道德感凝聚而成的一种高尚的教育情操。作为
一名教师,最重要的就是要以发自心灵深处对学生的爱,去挖掘学生内在的积极因素,激发学生自我肯定的积极情感,并转化为学生自信、向上、进取的动力,从而达到教人、育人的目的。
师爱是心灵的沟通。教育家苏霍姆林斯基把教师热爱学生作为"教育的奥秘",他的座右铭是"把整个心灵献给孩子们"。我国著名教育家陶行知先生也曾说过:"真的教育是心心相映的活动,惟独从心里发出来,才能达到人的深处。"作为教师,就要做一个有心人,时时处处去观察学生,关心学生,帮助学生,与他们建立深厚的友谊,达到心灵的沟通。这样,你会感到一种心灵的愉悦,这份愉悦来自学生带给你的感动,它如蒙蒙细雨般滋润,如融融春意般温暖。教育不能没有爱,就像池塘不能没有水一样,没有爱就没有教育。"爱人者,人恒爱之。"只要你付出爱,用心去爱,就能感受到来自学生的爱。
师爱需要换位意识。学生是活生生的个体,随着生理、心理的发育和发展,社会阅历的扩展和思维方式的变化,其独立意识和自我意识日益增强,有很强的自尊心,需要得到他人,特别是老师的尊重,当有了缺点或错误时,往往害怕老师批评,特别是不希望老师当众批评。教师要懂得学生的这些心理特征。陶行知先生曾告诫师范生:"未来的先生们!忘了你们的年纪,变个十足的小孩子,加到小孩子的队伍里去吧!"的确,我们必须蹲下身子,学会变成孩子,要有一种换位意识,才能真正走进学生的心灵,真正理解学生,真正把师爱转化为激发学生追求进步、积极进取的力量源泉。
师爱需要讲究艺术。有些教师埋怨:"为什么我付出那么多的关怀,那么多的爱心,学生仍不懂礼貌,不尊重老师,一点也不理解老师的一番苦心?"这恐怕就是老师爱的方式不当的原因。有些教师在教育学生的过程中,不是对学生爱得太过分,失去师之尊严,就是束得太紧,管得太死,以至学生"谈师色变"。有些教师对学生的情感近似溺爱,对学生缺乏基本要求,事事包办代替,从不轻易放手。过犹不及,爱学生不等于放任自流(let students be),但更不能吝于施与,关键是要讲究分寸,讲究艺术。没有规矩,难成方圆。教师既要与学生打成一片,也要注意师道尊严,才能得到理想的教育效果。
师爱是催生百花的春风,是抚慰心灵的阳光,是滋长希望的土壤。作为一名教师,如何用"心"去爱学生,让你对学生的爱孕育出教育的累累硕果,需要教师在实践中去做更深入的探索和思考--师爱无限。
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学习资料:
[单选题]在技能形成过程中,练习中期出现进步的暂时停顿现象,在心理学上称为( )。
A. 抑制现象
B. 挫折现象
C. 高原现象
D. 消退现象
[单选题]教师通过协调课堂内的各种人际关系,而有效实现预定教学目标的过程称为( )。
A. 课堂凝聚力
B. 课堂控制
C. 课堂管理
D. 课堂气氛
[单选题] New research has found that those who work 11 hour days or more increase their chance of a heart attack by two thirds. If you're about to embark on your usual 12-hour day at the office, you might want to pause a while-a few hours, actually. A study has found that those who spend more than 11 hours at work increase their chance of having a heart attack by two thirds.
The team from University College London looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall over a period of 11 years and established how many hours they worked on average a day. They also collected information including the condition of their heart from medical records and health checks. Over the period, a total of 192 had suffered a heart attack. Then the study was published in the joumal Annals of Internal Medicine, reporting that those who worked more than 11 hours a day were 67 percent more likely to have one than those who had a "nine to five" job.
Professor Mika Kivimki, who led the study, said:"We have shown that working long days is associated with a remarkable increase in risk of heart disease. Considering that including a measurement of working hours in a GP interview is so simple and useful, our research presents a strong case that it should become standard practice. This new information should help improve decisions regarding medication for heart disease."
"It could also be a wake-up call for people who over-work themselves, especially if they already have other risk factors," Professor Kivimki added. Around 2.6 million Britons have heart disease, where the organ's blood supply is blocked by the build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries (冠状动脉). It is the nation's biggest killer, claiming 101,000 lives in this country every year. Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked; if the blood supply is not restored, the section of the heart being supplied by the artery will die.
Scientists who take part in the experiment use some methods to get results- EXCEPI ________.
A. data collection
B. medical check
C. sample observation
D. questionnaire
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