以下说法不正确的是( ).

【名词&注释】

严格要求(strict demands)、教育事业(educational cause)、优惠政策(preferential policy)、系统脱敏法(systematic desensitization)、百年树人、国家规定、教育与生产劳动相结合(combination of education with productiv ...)、十年树木、系统脱敏训练(systematic desensitization training)、《中华人民共和国教师法》

[单选题]以下说法不正确的是( ).

A. 教师不可享受带薪休假
B. 教师有权严格要求学生
C. 在不影响教育教学工作的前提下，教师可参加有关学术交流活动
D. 教师是举办教育事业的主要力量

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学习资料：

[单选题]在同一文档中进行不同的页面设置，必须用( )。

A. 分节
B. 分栏
C. 采用不同的显示方式
D. 分页

[多选题]阅读下面的文字，按要求作文。 　　①2017年11月12日，成绩优异的湖南高三学生小罗因成绩波动被批评并要被通知家长，在办公室将班主任刺死。 　　②小罗（同上文）的成绩足以考上一所重点大学，但他只想考取一所二本学校。他的解释是："我只想过轻轻松松的生活。" 　　③没有数不好的学生，只有不会教的老师。（中国现代教育家陈鹤琴） 　　④宁吃高考苦，不留终身憾！（某校高考励志口号） 　　⑤我是教师／我拒绝把我比作灵魂的工程师……不要给我戴上神圣的光环，再用世俗的眼光把我的人格蔑视贬低……（网络流行诗《我是教师，我拒绝》） 　　⑥一想到为人父母居然不用经过考试，就觉得真是太可怕了。（日本作家伊坂幸太郎） 　　综合上述六则材料所引发的思考和感悟，写一篇不少于800字的论说文。 　　要求： 　　用规范的现代汉语写作；角度自选，立意自定，标题自拟。

A. 【参考范文】教育三境界 德国教育家雅尔贝尔斯在《教育的意义》一书中说："教育是一棵树摇动另一棵树，一朵云推动另一朵云，一个灵魂唤醒另一个灵魂。"中国经济高速发展，而教育事业距离灵魂的高度还有很远的路要走。每个人都如一颗珍珠，而教育应让它焕发出莹润珠光，照亮生命。 明析教育的标准，为第一境界。 何为上品明珠？非视其色、抚其质、量其大小，而应视其莹润之本质也。高考是现今中国教育的最大分水岭，有了高考的漂亮成绩，就有了体面的大学与专业，"宁吃高考苦，不留终身憾"之类的口号也就层出不穷了。然而把上大学看作人生最大的理想，则太过短视，教育的目的绝非分数。哲人说："人是会思考的芦苇。"教育的成功标准应是人格的塑造，是生命的深远与丰富。评判教育，浅薄的升学率与就业率不足为据，教育的对象是活生生的人，应以人为本。 坚守教育的底线，为第二境界。 明珠之璀璨润泽，皆是沙粒痛苦转变的结果。教育有诸多方面，涵盖学习知识、培养技能等，其范围之广难以一言蔽之。然而教育必须坚守的底线是对基本人格、品德的培养，道义是最高标准，守法是基本底线。湖南学生弑师案在社会上引发轩然大波，因老师的几句批评而以利刃杀人，可见小罗品德的缺失、人性的异化，教他考取重点大学，不如教他尊师重道、敬畏生命。古人程门立雪、视师如父，大儒宋濂对待老师"或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至"。而今却有学生弑师，两相对比，愈发鲜明。更加让人知道道德是人之基本准则，教育立本为先，"十年树木，百年树人"，道德之根必须扎牢扎深，教育底线必须坚守。 探求教育的可能，为第三境界。 明珠还未形成，便有无数可能。教育更高的要求是引导一双双懵懂迷惑的眼瞳探求生命的可能。韩寒的父亲曾"不靠谱"地带着一家人去西藏，来了一场说走就走的旅行，高原反应、一路险情让母亲与同行老人对他的"疯"埋怨不解。在韩寒长大后，终于明白了父亲的苦心：别样惊险的出游让世界在韩寒面前展开了一角画卷。他脱离束缚，看到了生命的丰富可能；一路求索，永葆天真自然和生命的纯粹质地。教育就应该让人看到这个世界的无限可能，并鼓舞人们去探求、去实现。永远在路上、永远求知若渴、永远热泪盈眶。拓宽延展有限的生命，是教育永远应该探求的。 教育三境界，要我们关注脚下，守住初心，不触底线，让行者无疆，可能无限！

[单选题]教育的本质属性是( )。

A. 教育性
B. 公平性
C. 科学性
D. 培养人的活动

[单选题]提出"教育即生活"、"学校即社会"的教育家是谁( )。

A. 裴斯泰洛奇
B. 涂尔干
C. 杜威
D. 加里宁

[单选题]遗忘进程是不均衡的，表现为先快后慢。( )A.正确B.错误

A. A

[多选题]怎样帮助学生降低考试焦虑？

A. 考试焦虑是考试时常见的一种心理现象。考试焦虑的矫正可通过以下方法：(1)自信训练。让学生正确认识考试的重要性，摆正考试的位置，不要把考试看成是至高无上的东西。(2)对重度考试焦虑者，还要针对考试焦虑中的生理成分，进行放松训练或系统脱敏训练^{(systematic desensitization training)}等，放松训练有意念放松法和肌肉放松法两种。(3)考试焦虑还可用想系统脱敏法降低。步骤和方法是：第一步，请当事人列出引起考试焦虑反应的具体刺激情景：第二步，将上述刺激情景按从弱到强的顺序，排成"焦虑等级"：第三步，通过放松训练形成松弛反应。使机体处于完全放松状态：第四步，按照焦虑等级，让当事人在大脑想像中循序使松弛反应抑制焦虑反应。

[单选题]请阅读Passage 2，完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people.Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies," says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wurzburg,Germany,who led the research. 　　"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies,but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life,within the last trimester," said Wermke."Contrary to orthodox interpretations,these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development." 　　It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus,in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is,since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound." says Wermke.This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages,they must have some control (presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs,throat,mouth,and larynx.If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like,all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern,since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases.French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries,even though they share the same physiology," the scientists point out."The French newborns produce 'nonphysiological' rising patterns," showing that the sound of their cries is under their control. 　　Although phonemes—speech sounds such as "ki" or "sh"—don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus,so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do.These are the variations in pitch,rhythm,and intensity that characterize each language.Just as newboms remember and prefer actual songs that they heard in utero,it seems,so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language. 　　The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech.That acquisition,it is now clear,begins months before birth,probably in the third trimester.Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation pattems of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these pattems in their own　［sound］　production," conclude the scientists.Newborns' "cries are already tuned toward their native language" ,giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or,presumably,English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages).This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort.Sure,we may come into the world wired for language (thank you,Noam Chomsky),but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language. 　　Until this study,scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than 12 weeks of age.That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound.But that's the beginning of true speech.It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive,remember,and play back,they should look at the sound babies produce best.So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.

What does Kathleen Wermke's research indicate?

A. Babies are unable to do vocal imitation.
B. Babies' cries could be their early language acquisition.
C. Babies start speech acquisition months after their birth.
D. A crying baby is a crying baby no matter what the culture is.

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