"小孙并非既会游泳又会打网球。"根据以上表述，下列哪项断定必然

【名词&注释】

独立思考(independent thinking)、触类旁通(comprehend by analogy)、建构主义理论(constructivism theory)、建构主义学习理论(constructivist learning theory)、随机应变(improvise)、阅读课文(reading material)、墨守成规(routinism)、年龄阶段(age stage)、发展的不平衡性、信息加工学习理论(information-processing theory)

[单选题]"小孙并非既会游泳又会打网球。"根据以上表述，下列哪项断定必然为真？( )

A. 如果小孙不会打网球，那么他一定会游泳
B. 如果小孙会打网球，那么他一定不会游泳
C. 小孙既不会游泳，也不会打网球
D. 小孙会游泳，但不会打网球

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学习资料：

[单选题]教育者要在儿童发展的关键期施以相应的教育，这是因为人的教育具有( )。

A. 顺序性和阶段性
B. 不均衡性
C. 稳定性和可变性
D. 个别差异性

[单选题]个人面对问题情境时，能随机应变，对同一问题想出多种不同类型的答案，这表明思维具有( )。

A. 流畅性
B. 独创性
C. 指向性
D. 变通性

[单选题]下列学习理论中，学生观强调引导儿童从原有的知识经验中"生长"出新的知识经验的是( )。

A. 完形一顿悟说
B. 认知一结构学习理论
C. 建构主义学习理论
D. 信息加工学习理论^{(information-processing theory)}

[多选题]情绪情感与认识过程的不同之处在于( )。

A. 多维层面上表现出两极性
B. 一种主观体验
C. 伴有生理变化
D. 伴有表情变化

[单选题]张老师这段时间对工作失去了热情，觉得工作没意思，同时总感觉疲劳，工作效率不高，那么张老师目前的状态属于职业倦怠( )方面的表现。

A. 去人性化
B. 个人成就感低
C. 情绪耗竭
D. 缺乏工作动机

[多选题]一位教师在课堂上．先直接讲解了虚拟语气的语法规则，然后呈现了几个例句： (1)I wish I had not failed the English examination. (2)I wish I had been there yesterday. (3)He wishes he had met her at the street corner. 接着让学生进行各种替换练习、句子练习等训练。 请问该教师使用了哪种语法教学方法？该方法有什么优缺点？与此相对应的方法是什么？有什么优点？

A. 该教师使用了演绎法。 (1)优点：讲解清楚，易于理解，比较适合成人学习者。 (2)缺点：在这种方式下，学生对教师的依赖性比较强，学到的语言知识也容易遗忘。它注重形式而非使用，学生处于被动学习的状态。 (3)与演绎法相对应的方法是归纳法。在归纳教学中，教师让学生首先接触含有语法规则的语境，然后根据上下文的信息归纳出语法规则。这种方法可以增加学生和语言的接触，有助于激发学生的参与，使学生理解语法所适用的语境、所表达的含义以及所承载的功能，分析归纳总结语言使用规律，深化学生对用法的理解．有助于学生分析能力和注意力的培养。

[单选题]In the pre-reading part, teachers should do the following except ________.

A. activating students' reading motivation
B. presenting new words within context
C. clearing up linguistic and cultural barriers
D. organizing to analyze the reading content

[单选题] On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however, children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%. "Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents," says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children's timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home.(Nevertheless, children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable mounts of time interacting with their parents,19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids."Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself," says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free time" watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they're spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren't replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let's face it, who's got the time?

According to Sandra Hofferth, the main reason leading to "the same time crunch" of children is that ________.

A. more mothers are working outside the home
B. children don't have chance to play with their parents
C. children are not taken good care of by their working parents
D. parents have trouble in managing their time

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