2022职称英语易错易混每日一练(10月07日)

1. [单选题]It call be inferred from the text that__________．

阅读材料，回答下面的题目。The Diminishing Scientific Leadership of the U, S.With the rapid globalization of science itself ( more than 40 percent of scientific Ph.D. students trained in the United States are now foreign nationals, roughly half of whom return to their countries of origin ) , the once undisputed U.S.scientific lead, whether relevant to product lead or not, is diminishing. The competition of foreign students for positions in U.S.graduate schools has also contributed to making scientific training relatively unattractive to U.S.students, because the rapidly increasing supply of students has diminished the relative rewards of this career path. For the best and brightest from low-income countries, a position as a research assistant in the United States is attractive, whereas the best and brightest U.S.students might now see better options in other fields. Science and engineering careers, to the extent that they are opening up to foreign competition ( whether imported or available through better communication ) , also seem to be becoming relatively less attractive to U.S. students. With respect to the role of universities in the innovation process the speculative boom of the 1990s( which, among other things, made it possible to convert scientific findings into cash rather quickly ) was largely unexpected.The boom brought universities and their faculties into much closer contact with private markets as they tried to gain as much of the economic dividends from their discoveries as possible. For a while,the path between discoveries in basic science and new flows of hard cash was considerably shortened. But during the next few decades, this path will likely revert toward its more traditional length and reestablish in a healthy way, the more traditional ( and more independent ) relationship between the basic research done at universities and those entities that translate ideas into products and services.In the intervening years, another new force also greatly facilitated globalization: the rapid growth of the Internet and cheap wide-bandwidth international communication. Today, complex design activities can take place in locations quite removed from manufacturing, other business functions and the consumer. Indeed, there is now ample opportunity for real-time communication between business functions that are quite independent of their specific locations. For example, software are development, with all its changes and complications, can to a considerable extent be done overseas for a U.S.customer.Foreign call centers can respond instantly to questions from thousands of miles away.The result is that low-wage workers in the Far East and in some other countries are coming into even more direct competition with a much wider spectrum of U.S. labor: unskilled in the case of call centers; more highly skilled in the case of programmers.

A. scientists rarely expect to make money from their discoveries in basic science
B. it will be much easier to conveg scientific findings into cash in the near future
C. the boom of the l990s could be considered somewhat unhealthy
D. the boom of the l990s willlast at least for several decades

2. [单选题]When he finally emerged from the cave after thirty days, John was shockingly pale.

A. enormously
B. startlingly
C. uniquely
D. dramatically

3. [单选题]请在第___________处填上正确答案．

阅读材料，回答下面的题目： What We Take from and Give to the Sea  As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it. We take fishes from the ocean-millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to51millions of people. We even52their bones for fertilizer. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to53seawater in shallow basin and leave until it evaporates( 蒸发 ). Along with salt, other minerals are left 54 evaporation.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them 55 by simpleevaporation.56gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges( 海绵) and seaweed. Pearls57jewelry. Natural sponges become cleaning aids. Seaweed becomes 58 of many kinds-even candy, and ice cream - as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another 59 from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. Some of its contents may. 60 illness. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are 61 . In the future, we will find ourselves 62 more and more on fresh water from the sea. The sea63us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. We pollute the ocean 64 we use it as a garbage dump. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. 65 garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts ,more than ever.请在第___________处填上正确答案．

A. up 
B. in
C. away 
D. over

4. [单选题]

回答下面的题目:The American FamilyIn the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision making. When the children are old enough, they take part_________(51). Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness of American parents. The old rule that "children should be seen and not heard" is rarely_________(52), and children are often allowed to do what they wish without strict parental_________(53). The father seldom expects his children to obey him_________(54) question, and children are encouraged to be independent_________(55) an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom_________(56) far. Others think that a strong father image would not_________(57) the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to break_________(58) their parental families by the time they have_________(59) their late teens or early twenties. (60), not to do so is often regarded as a failure, a kind of weak dependence.This pattern of independence often results in serious_________(61) for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live(62) the age of 70. The job-retirement age is _________(63) 65. The children have left home, married, and_________(64) their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes. _________(65) the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.

A. fit
B. meet
C. suit
D. satisfy

5. [单选题]He talks tough but has a tender heart.

A. heavy
B. strong
C. kind
D. wild

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