刘老师正在上课，学生路路突然站起来，指出刘老师讲解中的错误，

【名词&注释】

新课程改革(new curriculum reform)、组织形式(organization form)、神经生物学(neurobiology)、教师的主导作用(the leading role of teachers)、中心环节(central link)、教师的主导地位(teachers ' leading role)、不定冠词(indefinite article)、学生的主导地位、荷兰殖民者(holland colonist)、第一次鸦片战争

[单选题]刘老师正在上课，学生路路突然站起来，指出刘老师讲解中的错误，刘老师板着脸说："路路，老师不如你，以后就由你来上课好了！"说完，刘老师若无其事地继续上课。下列选项中，对该教师行为评价正确的一项是( )。

A. 维护了正常的教学顺序
B. 漠视了学生的主导地位
C. 体现了教师的主导地位
D. 挫伤了学生的积极性

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学习资料：

[单选题]统一六国的过程中，最后灭亡的诸侯国是( )。

A. 赵
B. 燕
C. 韩
D. 齐

[单选题]下列选项中，体现郑成功重大历史功绩的一项是( )。

A. 虎门销烟
B. 收复台湾
C. 官渡之战
D. 七擒孟获

[单选题]最早对课堂教学从理论上加以阐述的教育著作是( )。

A. 斯宾塞的《教育论》
B. 洛克的《教育漫话》
C. 马卡连柯的《教育诗篇》
D. 夸美纽斯的《大教学论》

[单选题]教学的中心环节是( )。

A. 备课
B. 上课
C. 作业的布置和批改
D. 考试

[单选题]Passage 2 Scientists have been surprised at how deeply culture-the language we speak, the values we absorb-shapes the brain, and are rethinking findings derived from studies of Westerners. To take one recent example, a region behind the forehead called the medial prefrontal cortex supposedly represents the self: it is active when we ("we" being the Americans in the study) think of our own identity and traits. But with Chinese volunteers, the results were strikingly different. The "me" circuit hummed not only when they thought whether a particular adjective described themselves, but also when they considered whether it described their mother. The Westerners showed no such overlap between self and mom. Depending whether one lives in a culture that views the self as autonomous and unique or as connected to and part of a larger whole, this neural circuit takes on quite different functions. "Cultural neuroscince," as this new field is called, is about discovering such differences. Some of the findings, as with the "me/mom" circuit, buttress longstanding notions of cultural differences.For instance, it is a cultural cliche that Westerners focus on individual objects while East Asians pay attention to context and background (another manifestation of the individualism-collectivism split). Sure enough, when shown complex, busy scenes, Asian-Americans and non-Asian-Americans recruited different brain regions. The Asians showed more activity in areas that process figure-ground relations-holistic context-while the Americans showed more activity in regions that recognize objects. Psychologist Nalini Ambady of Tufts found something similar when she and colleagues showed drawings of people in a submissive pose (head down, shoulders hunched) or a dominant one (arms crossed, face forward) to Japanese and Americans. The brain's dopamine-fueled reward circuit became most active at the sight of the stance-dominant for Americans, submissive for Japanese-that each volunteer's culture most values, they reported in 2009. This raises an obvious chicken-and-egg question, but the smart money is on culture shaping the brain, not vice versa. Cultural neuroscience wouldn't be making waves if it found neurobiological bases only for well-known cultural differences. It is also uncovering the unexpected. For instance, a 2006 study found that native Chinese speakers use a different region of the brain to do simple arithmetic (3+4) or decide which number is larger than native English speakers do, even though both use Arabic numerals. The Chinese use the circuits that process visual and spatial information and plan movements (the latter may be related to the use of the abacus). But English speakers use language circuits. It is as if the West conceives numbers as just words, but the East imbues them with symbolic, spatial freight. (Insert cliche about Asian math geniuses) "One would think that neural processes involving basic mathematical computations are universal:' says Ambady, but they "seem to be culture-specific." Not to be the skunk at this party, but I think it's important to ask whether neuroscience reveals anything more than we already know from, say, anthropology. For instance, it's well known that East Asian cultures prize the collective over the individual, and that Americans do the opposite. Does identifying brain correlates of those values offer any extra insight? After all, it's not as if anyone thought those values are the result of something in the liver. Ambady thinks cultural neuro-science does advance understanding. Take the me/mom finding, which, she argues, "attests to the strength of the overlap between self and people close to you in collectivistic cultures and the separation in individualistic cultures. It is important to push the analysis to the level of the brain." Especially when it shows how fundamental cultural differences are-so fundamental, perhaps, that "universal" notions such as human rights, democracy, and the like may be no such thing.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase "making waves" in Paragraph 3?

A. Drawing criticism
B. Receiving suspicion
C. Attracting attention
D. Causing disagreement

[单选题]__________can fly very high in_________sky.

A. The birds; the
B. The birds; /
C. Birds; the
D. Birds; /

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