考研2022模拟考试练习题278

1. [单选题]针对蒋介石“内战、独裁、分裂”的阴谋，中国共产党明确提出了“和平、民主、团结，，三大口号，以代替过去提出的“抗战、团结、进步”三大口号。这一．口号来源于

A. 1945年《抗日战争胜利后的时局和我们的方针》
B. 1945年《对目前时局的宣言》
C. 1946年《中共关于目前时局及对策的指示》
D. “双十协定”

2. [单选题]最早明确规定在少数民族聚居区实行民族区域自治制度的法律文件是

A. 《中华人民共和国宪法》
B. 《中华人民共和国民族区域自治实施纲要》
C. 《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》
D. 《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》

3. [多选题]坚持和完善社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度，必须毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，必须毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展^{(non-public economic development)}。这是因为，公有制经济和非公有制经济都是我国

A. 经济社会发展的重要基础
B. 社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分
C. 社会主义经济的重要组成部分
D. 社会主义经济制度的基础^{(foundation of the socialist economic sy)}

4. [单选题]一切从实际出发、理论联系实际、实事求是的马克思主义思想路线^{(marxist ideological line)}，在全党范围确立了起来是在

A. 遵义会议
B. 中共六届六中全会
C. 延安整风
D. 中共七大

5. [多选题]中国特色社会主义道路之所以完全正确。之所以能够引领中国发展进步．关键在手既坚持科学社会主义的基本原则又根据我国实际和时代特征赋予其鲜明的中国特色。党的十八大赋予中国特色社会主义道路以新的含义，包括有

A. 社会生态文明 
B. 促进人的全面发展
C. 逐步实现人全体人民共同富裕
D. 实现四八现代化

6. [多选题]土地、资本以及科技、知识、信息等生产要素参与价值分配表明

A. 实质是生产要素所有权在经济上的实现
B. 各种非劳动生产要素参与了社会财富的创造并且是价值创造的物质条件
C. 各种非劳动生产要素是价值的源泉
D. 各种非劳动生产要素和劳动力要素共同创造价值

7. [单选题]The critics think that the new awards will most benefit

A. the profit-oriented scientists.
B. the founders of the new awards.
C. the achievement-based system.
D. peer-review-led research.

8. [单选题]正确答案是_______.

A. G

9. [单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”.In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit.Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer.She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.{TS}Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

A. poor bargaining skill.
B. insensitivity to fashion.
C. obsession with high fashion.
D. lack of imagination.

10. [单选题]What is the subject of the text?

根据以下资料，回答下面的题目。In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”.In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit.Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer.She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

A. Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
B. Challenge to a high-fashion myth.
C. Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
D. Exposure of a mass-market secret.

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