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请阅读 Passage 1,完成1~5小题。   Passage 1   In the fiel

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  • [单选题]请阅读 Passage 1,完成1~5小题。   Passage 1   In the field of psychology,there has long been a certain haziness surrounding the definition of creativity,an I-know-it-when-I-see-it attitude that has eluded a precise formulation.During our conversation,Mark Beeman,a cognitive neuroscientist at Northwestern University,told me that he used to be reluctant to tell people what his area of study was,for fear of being dismissed or misunderstood.What,for instance,crosses your mind when you think of creativity? Well,we know that someone is creative if he produces new things or has new ideas.And yet,as John Kounios,a psychologist at Drexel University who collaborates frequently with Beeman,points out,that view is wrong,or at least not entirely right."Creativity is the process,not the product," he says.   To illustrate,Beeman offers an example.Imagine someone who has never used or seen a paperclip and is struggling to keep a bunch ofpapers together.Then the person comes up with a new way of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place. "That was very creative," Beeman says.On the flip side,if someone works in a new field-Beeman gives the example of nanotechnology-anything that he produces may be considered inherently "creative".But was the act of producing it actually creative? As Beeman put it,"Not all artists are creative.And some accountants are very creative."   Insight,however,has proved less difficult to define and to study.Because it arrives at a specific moment in time,you can isolate it,examine it,and analyze its characteristics."Insight is only one part of creativity," Beeman says."But we can measure it.We have a temporal marker that something just happened in the brain.I'd never say that's all of creativity,but it's a central, identifiable component." When scientists examine insight in the lab.they are looking at what types of attention and thought processes lead to that moment of synthesis: If you are trying to facilitate   a breakthrough,are there methods you can use that help? If you feel stuck on a problem,are there tricks to get you through?   In a recent study,Beeman and Kounios followed people's gazes as they attempted to solve what's called the remote-associates test,in which the subject is given a series of words,like "pine" "crab" and "sauce" and has to think of a single word that can logically be paired with all of them.They wanted to see if the direction of a person's eyes and her rate ofblinking could shed light on her approach and on her likelihood of success.It turned out that if the subject looked directly at a word and focused on it-that is,blinked less frequently,signaling a higher degree of close attention-she was more likely to be thinking in an analytical,convergent fashion,going through possibilities that made sense and systematically discarding those that didn't.If she looked at "pine" say,she might.be thinking of words like "tree" "cone" and "needle" ,then testing each option to see if it fit with the other words.When the subject stopped looking at any specific worD.either by moving her eyes or by blinking,she was more likely to think of broader,more abstract associations.That is a more insight-oriented approach."You need to learn not just to stare but to look outside your focus," Beeman says.(The solution to this remote-associates test: "apple" .)   As it turns out,by simple following someone's eyes and measuring her blinks and fixation times,Beeman's group can predict how someone will likely solve a problem and when she is nearing that solution.That's an important consideration for would-be creative minds: it helps us understand how distinct patterns of attention may contribute to certain kinds ofinsights.

  • What is the best title for this passage?

  • A. Creativity and Insights
    B. Insights and Problem Solving
    C. Where Do Insight Moments Come?
    D. Where Do Creativity Moments Come?

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  • [单选题]In my opinion, she is kind and polite, so I put her rudeness today down as ______.
  • A. ordinary
    B. untimely
    C. progressive
    D. accidental

  • [多选题]校园文化是影响学生发展的因素之一,在课程类型上它属于隐性课程。( )
  • A. 对。校园文化是以学生为主体,以校园为主要空间,以育人为主要导向,以精神文化、环境文化、行为文化和制度文化建设等为主要内容,以校园精神、文明为主要特征的一种群体文化。校园文化是学校所具有特定的精神环境和文化气氛,它包括校园建筑设计、校园景观、绿化美化这种物化形态的内容,也包括学校的传统、校风、学风、人际关系、集体舆论、心理氛围以及学校的各种规章制度和学校成员在共同活动交往中形成的非明文规范的行为准则。隐性课程亦称潜在课程、自发课程,是学校情境中以间接的、内隐的方式呈现的课程,如师生关系、校风、学风等。隐性课程是伴随着显性课程而生的,没有显性课程也就没有隐性课程。

  • [单选题] He had an ______ habit of emptying ash trays out of his upstairs window.
  • A. impolite
    B. objectionable
    C. uneducated
    D. afflicting

  • [单选题]品德的核心是( )。
  • A. 道德认知
    B. 道德情感
    C. 道德意志
    D. 道德行为

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