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必典考网发布"请阅读 Passage 2,完成 1~5小题。
Passage 2
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[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成 1~5小题。
Passage 2
It's no srprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful,provocative magazine cover story,"I love My Children,I Hate My Life",is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking ofit as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard.Senior writes that "the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight."
The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.There are also stories about newly adoptive-and newly single-mom sandra Bullock,as well as the usual "Jennifer Aniston is pregnant" news.Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands.
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation,is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn't seem quite fair,then,to compare the regrets ofparents to the regrets of the childless.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn't have had kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.
Of course,the image ofparenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistiC.especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.No shock there,considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear sandra and Britney tell it,raising a kid on their "own" (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece ofcake.
It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.But it's interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small,subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience,in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting "the rachel" might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.
We learn from Paragraph 2 that________.
A. celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip
B. single mothers with babies deserve greater attention
C. news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining
D. having children is highly valued by the public
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学习资料：
[单选题]最有利于学习效果提高的动机是( )。
A. 低等程度
B. 中等程度
C. 高等程度
D. 与高、中、低没关系
[多选题]操作技能的培训要求有哪些？（10分）
A. (1)准确的示范与讲解。（2分）(2)必要而适当的练习。（2分）(3)充分而有效地反馈。（2分）(4)建立稳定清晰的动觉。（2分）（答满四点即可得满分）
[单选题]当一个人外表充满魅力时，那么他（她）的其他同外表无关的特征，也会得到更好的评价。这个是印象形成中的( )。
A. 晕轮效应
B. 近因效应
C. 首因效应
D. 投射效应
[单选题]Passage 2
Taylor Swift, the seven-time Grammy winner, is known for her articulate lyrics, so there was nothing surprising about her writing a long column for The Wall Street Journal about the future of the music industry. Yet there's reason to doubt the optimism of what she had to say. "This moment in music is so exciting because the creative avenues an artist can explore are limitless:' Swift wrote. "In this moment in music, stepping out of your comfort zone is rewarded, and sonic evolution is not only accepted...it is celebrated. The only real risk is being too afraid to take a risk at all."
That's hard to reconcile with Nielsen's mid-year U.S. music report, which showed a 15 percent year-on-year drop in album sales and a 13 percent decline in digital track sales. This could be the 2013 story all over again, in which streaming services cannibalize their growth from digital downloads, whose numbers dropped for the first time ever last year, except that even including streams, album sales are down 3.3 percent so far in 2014. Streaming has grown even more than it did last year, 42 percent compared to 32 percent, but has failed to make up for a general loss of interest in music.Consider this.in 2014 to date, Americans purchased 593.6 million digital tracks and heard 70.3 million video and audio streams for a sum total of 663.9 million. In the comparable period of 2013, the total came to 731.7 million.Swift, one of the few artists able to pull off stadium tours, believes it's all about quality. "People are still buying albums, but now they're buying just a few of them:' she wrote. "They are buying only the ones that hit them like an arrow through the heart."
In 2000, album sales peaked at 785 million. Last year, they were down t0 415.3 million. Swift is right, but for many of the artists whose albums pierce hearts like arrows, it's too late. Sales of vinyl albums have increased 40.4 percent so far this year, according to Nielsen, and the top-selling one was guitar hero Jack White's Lazaretto. The top 10 also includes records by the aging or dead, such as the Beatles and Bob Marley & the Wailers. More modern entries are not exactly teen sensations, either. the Black Keys, Beck and the Arctic Monkeys. None of these artists is present on the digital sales charts, including or excluding streams. The top-selling album so far this year, by a huge margin, is the saccharine soundtrack to the Disney animated hit, Frozen.
When, like me, you're over 40 and you believe the music industry has been in decline since in 1993 (the year Nirvana released In Utero), it's easy to criticize the music taste of "the kids these days:' a term even the 23-year old Swift uses. My fellow dinosaurs will understand if they compare 1993's top albums to Nielsen's 2014 list. But these kids don't just like to listen to different music than we do, they no longer find much worth hearing.The way the music industry works now may have something to do with that. In the old days, musicians showed their work to industry executives, the way most book authors still do to publishers (although that tradition, too, is eroding). The executives made mistakes and were credited with brilliant finds. Sometimes they followed the public taste, and sometimes they strove to shape it, taking big financial and career risks in the process. These days, according to Swift, it's all about the social networks. "A friend of mine, who is an actress, told me that when the casting for her recent movie came down to two actresses, the casting director chose the actress with more Twitter followers:' Swift wrote. "In the future, artists will get record deals because they have fans - not the other way around."
The social networks are fickle and self-consciously sarcastic (see the recent potato salad phenomenon). They are not about arrow-through-the-heart sincerity. That's why YouTube made Psy a star, but it couldn't have been the medium for Beatlemania. Justin Timberlake has 32.9 million Twitter followers, but he's no Jack White.
In the music industry's heyday, it produced a lot of schlock. But it got great music out to the masses, too. These days, it expects artists to do their own promotion and for those who less good at that than at making music, it may mean not getting heard. For fans it means less good music to stream and download. Well, there's always the warm and fuzzy world of vinyl nostalgia, I guess.
How does the writer perceive Swift's attitude towards the future of the music industry?
A. She is no doubt over-optimistic about it
B. She is too young to make a reliable Judgment
C. She is professional enough to predicate it wisely
D. She doesn' t follow what others have said about it
[单选题]学生学习了杠杆的力臂原理，再学习定滑轮的知识，理解了定滑轮实质上是一种等臂杠杆，这种学习属于( )。
A. 上位学习
B. 下位学习
C. 并列学习
D. 结合学习
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