以下哪项是我国古代对父母的别称( )。

【名词&注释】

心理素质(psychological quality)、身体素质(physical quality)、学校教育(school education)、基本要求(basic requirements)、发展水平、基本素质(basic quality)、社会秩序(social order)、关键因素、社会规范(social norm)、自然而然

[单选题]以下哪项是我国古代对父母的别称( )。

A. 高堂
B. 泰山
C. 先生
D. 东床

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学习资料：

[单选题]下列选项汇总，不属于素质教育任务的是( )。

A. 增强学生的身体素质
B. 增强学生的心理素质
C. 促进学生道德品质的发展
D. 促进学生能力的平均发展

[多选题]新课程背景下教师角色应发生哪些转变？（4分）

A. (1)从教师与学生的关系看，新课程要求教师应该是学生学习的促进者：(2)从教学与研究的关系看，新课程要求教师应该是教育教学的研究者；(3)从教学与课程的关系看，新课程要求教师应该是课程的建设者和开发者：(4)从学校与社区的关系来看，新课程要求教师应该是社区型的开放教师。

[多选题]我国古代西周以后，学校教育形成了以礼乐为中心的文武兼备的六艺教育，下列选项中，属于六艺的是( )。

A. 画
B. 射
C. 御
D. 数

[多选题]学校教育对个体发展的功能主要有( )。

A. 引导和培养、塑造个体发展
B. 加速个体发展
C. 具有延时价值
D. 开发个体特殊才能

[单选题]科尔伯格道德判断发展阶段论的观点，只根据行为后果来判断对错的儿童，其道德判断发展水平处于( )。

A. "好孩子"取向阶段
B. 良心或原则取向阶段
C. 服从与惩罚取向阶段
D. 权威和社会秩序^{(social order)}取向阶段

[单选题]Naturally,she______ that once there was a new film everybody would be eager to go and see it.

A. had assumed
B. assumed
C. has assumed
D. was assuming

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble,but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association.The report is about Ph.D.programs,which have been in decline since 2008.These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today,it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate,anD.at the end of your program,you're unlikely to find a tenure-track job. 　　The core of the problem is,of course,the job market.The M.L.A.report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation.If anything,that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A.got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list (around six hundred) with the number of new graduates (about a thousand).But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure,and who now find themselves competing with their former students.In all likelihooD.the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests.That's why the mood is so dire—why even professors are starting to ask,in the committee's words,"Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest ofthe humanities-at all?" 　　Those trends,in turn,are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War.Essentially,colleges grew less elite and more vocational.Before the war,relatively few people went to college.Then,in the nineteen-fifties,the G.I.Bill anD.later,the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly.When the boom endeD.colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students.By the midseventies,schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance,women and minorities. 　　Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer,about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago.But all that expansion changed colleges.In the past,they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts.Now,to attract middle-class students,colleges had to offer more career-focused majors,in fields like business,communications,and health care.As a result,humanities departments have found 　　themselves drifting away from the center of the university.Today,they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury,paid for by dynamiC.cheap,and growing programs in,say,adult-education.These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they're why,while education as a whole is growing,the humanities aren't. 　　Given all this,what can an English department do? The M.L.A.report contains a number of suggestions.Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years." That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler.At the same time,graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology" ; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects,such as project management and grant writing,which might be of value outside of academiA.Graduate programs,the committee suggests,should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenureD.or even non-academiC.careers.They should keep track of what happens to their graduates,so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

According to the author,which of the following is the key reason that leads to today's jobmarket crisis for Ph.D.students?

A. The expansion in college enrollments after the Second World War.
B. The shift of popularity from humanities majors to career-focused ones.
C. The rise in the number of women and minorities in graduate programs.
D. The lack of career-related guidance for college graduated in job-hunting.

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