材料： 　　风萧萧兮易水寒，壮士一去兮不复还。荆轲以此得名，

【名词&注释】

优秀人才(excellent talents)、农村教师(rural teachers)、学生档案(student file)、人与自然(man and nature)、国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要、荆轲刺秦王、中心环节(central link)、强迫观念(obsession)、教师队伍整体素质(the quality of teaching staff)、中小学教师队伍(teachers personnel)

[多选题]材料： 　　风萧萧兮易水寒，壮士一去兮不复还。荆轲以此得名，而短短的两句诗乃永垂于千古。在诗里表现雄壮的情绪之难，在于令人心悦诚服，而不在嚣张夸大：在能表现出那暂时的感情后面蕴藏着的更永久更普遍的情操，而不在那一时的冲动。大约悲壮之辞往往易于感情用事，而人在感情之下便难于辨别真伪，于是字里行间不但欺骗了别人，而且欺骗了自己。许多一时兴高采烈的作品，事后自己读起来也觉得索然无味，正是那表现欺骗了自己的缘故。《易水歌》以轻轻二句遂为千古绝唱，我们读到它时，何尝一定要有荆轲的身世。这正是艺术的普遍性，它超越了时间与空间而诉之于那永久的情操。"萧萧"二字诗中常见。古诗："白杨多悲风，萧萧愁杀人。""风萧萧"三字所以自然带起了一片高秋之意。古人说"登山临水兮送将归"，而这里说："壮士一去兮不复还"，它们之间似乎是一个对照，又似乎是一个解释，我们不便说它究竟是什么，但我们却寻出了另外的一些诗句。这里我们首先记得那"明月照积雪"的辽阔。"明月照积雪"，清洁而寒冷，所谓"琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒"。《易水歌》点出了寒字，谢诗没有点出，但都因其寒而高，因其高而更多情致。杜诗说"风急天高猿啸哀"，猿啸为什么要哀，我们自然无可解释。然而我们不见那"朔风劲且哀"吗？朔风是北风，它自然要刚劲无比，但这个衷字却正是这诗的传神之处。那么壮士这一去又岂可还乎？一去正是写一个劲字，不复还岂不又是一个哀字？天下巧合之事必有一个道理，何况都是名句，何况又各不相关。各不相关而有一个更深的一致，这便是艺术的普遍性。我们每当秋原辽阔，寒水明净，独立在风声萧萧之中，即使我们并非壮士，也必有壮士的胸怀，所以这诗便离开了荆轲而存在。它虽是荆轲说出来的，却属于每一个人。"枯桑知天风，海水知天寒"，我们人与人之间的这一点相知，我们人与自然间的一点相得，这之间似乎可以说，又似乎不可以说，然而它却把我们的心灵带到了一个更辽阔的世界去。那广漠的原野乃是生命之所自来，我们在狭小的人生中早已把它忘记，在文艺上乃又认识了它，我们生命虽然短暂，在这里却有了永生的意味。专诸刺吴王，身死而功成；荆轲刺秦王，身死而事败。然而我们久已忘掉了专诸，而在赞美着荆轲。士固不可以成败论，而我们之更怀念荆轲，岂不正因为这短短的诗吗？诗人创造了诗，同时也创造了自己；它属于荆轲，也属于一切的人们。（选自林庚《说（易水歌）》） 　　问题： 　　(1)文章论述的中心观点是什么.请简要概括。(4分) 　　(2)怎样理解"诗人创造了诗，同时也创造了自己；它属于荆轲，也属于一切的人们"？请结合文本内容简要分析。(10分) 　　一首诗所描写的是某一个人物，但是也能使阅读这首诗的人们产生共鸣。所以"诗人创造了诗，同时也创造了自己；它属于荆轲，也属于一切的人们"。（3分）

A. 参考答案：(1)本文中心论点是：①艺术具有普遍性，艺术可超越时间与空间将人物、胸怀诉之于那永久的情操。（2分）②一首诗可以离开一个人而存在，虽然一首诗针对荆轲说出来，却属于每一个人，诗可以赋予人永生的意味，在狭小的人生中可以将一些事情忘记，但是在文艺上又认识了它。（2分）(2)"诗人创造了诗，同时也创造了自己"是指诗人在创作诗的同时，表达了自己的看法、情感，将自己的思想融于诗中，也完成了思想的升华，成就了自己，使自己名传千古。因而说"创造了自己"。(4分)"它属于荆轲，也属于一切的人们"是指这首诗本是在讲述荆轲的壮举，阐述了荆轲的胸怀。但是后来的人们会用这首诗抒发自己的情怀，即便不是荆轲一样的壮士，却有着荆轲那样的胸怀。所以，这首诗便离开了荆轲而存在，属于每一个人。(3分)综上，由于艺术具有普遍性，所以不同的人对于相同的字词理解有所不同，所创造出来的诗句也不尽相同。也正是由于人有普遍共通的情感，使得尽管

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学习资料：

[单选题]根据《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》的规定，提高中小学教师队伍^{(teachers personnel)}整体素质^{(the quality of teaching staff)}( )。

A. 以农村教师为重点
B. 以城市教师为重点
C. 以边区教师为重点
D. 以西部教师为重点

[单选题]新义务教育法规定，国家实行( )年义务教育制度。

A. 九
B. 十
C. 十一
D. 十二

[单选题]进行个人作品系统收集，以明确当前成就和进步过程的成长记录袋评价属于( )。

A. 质性评价
B. 量化评价
C. 常模参照评价
D. 标准参照评价

[单选题]小红最近有个毛病，写作业时总是觉得不整洁，擦了写，写了又擦，反反复复，她明知这样做没有必要，就是控制不住，她可能出现了( )。

A. 抑郁症
B. 强迫症
C. 焦虑症
D. 恐怖症

[单选题]班主任工作的中心环节^{(central link)}是( )。

A. 组织和培养班集体
B. 建立学生档案
C. 个别教育
D. 班会活动

[单选题]有些平时很勤劳的学生在大扫除时懒懒散散，不爱干活，这种现象是( )。

A. 社会助长
B. 社会情化
C. 侵犯行为
D. 社会促进

[单选题]Passage 1 NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for Sports Illustraied. In other words, he "came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent. According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere "in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians." "Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now. "A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous dra~; balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase "coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women "came out" in being officially introduced to society. The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so "coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men. It is unclear exactly when gay people start.ed using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of 'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that "coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking. "Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.

What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The phrase "coming out" is only used in the gay community.
B. The meaning of "coming out" is becoming wider and wider.
C. The phrase "conung out" only stands for a shocking secret in hiding
D. The meaning of "coming out" has not changed until now.

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