茶文化在我国有悠久的历史，茶叶因生长环境的差异而带有不同的味

【名词&注释】

客观原因(objective cause)、主观原因(subjective reason)、社会科学研究(social science research)、《开罗宣言》(cairo declaration)、《马关条约》、矛盾的特殊性(particularity of contradiction)、《波茨坦公告》(the potsdam proclamation)、不可分割的(indivisible)、德黑兰宣言、日本投降书

[多选题]茶文化在我国有悠久的历史，茶叶因生长环境的差异而带有不同的味道，一些人根据多年的经验给自己所品尝的茶以特殊的名字。以来显示它的独特之处，“东方美人”是台湾苗粟出产的一种名茶，它由当地客家人种植，是被小绿叶蝉咬过的乌龙茶叶。很久以前。英国女王偶尔品尝到此茶，将悬在茶杯里的茶叶赞叹为“正在跳舞的东方美女”，茶名由此而得。这种茶的曼妙之处还在于可用冰水浸泡。透过冰滴壶，一滴滴冰水滤过茶叶。茶汤香气馥郁。色若琥珀。这表明

A. 一事物区别于它事物就在于矛盾的特殊性
B. 世界上的一切事物都具有自觉反映的特性
C. 人的认识是在实践中不断的深化和发展的
D. 人为事物的联系形成后不在人的意识之外

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学习资料：

[多选题]钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿是中国领土不可分割的^{(indivisible)}一部分。中国最早发现、命名、利用和管辖钓鱼岛。1895年，请朝在甲午战争中战败，被迫与日本签署不平等的《马关条约》，割让“台湾全岛及所有附属各岛屿”。钓鱼岛等作为台湾“附属岛屿”一并被割让给日本。1941年12月，中国政府正式对日宣战，宣布废除中日之间的一切条约。日本投降后，依据有关国际文件规定，钓鱼岛作为台湾的附属岛屿应与台湾一并归还中国。这些国际文件是

A. 《日本投降书》
B. 《波茨坦公告》^{(the potsdam proclamation)}
C. 《开罗宣言》
D. 《德黑兰宣言》

[单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should createmore collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems. {TS}请在第____处填上正确选项。[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio

A. E

[单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v.United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial .Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun.On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with . Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them.But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim. {TS}Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they

A. deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
B. disturbed the power balance between different states.
C. overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
D. contradicted both the federal and state policies.

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