简述活动课程的特点。

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[多选题]简述活动课程的特点。

A. 活动课程又称儿童中心课程、经验课程，是打破学科逻辑组织的界限，从儿童的兴趣和需要出发，以活动为中心组织的课程。活动课程的代表人物是杜威。活动课程的特点有以下几个方面。(1)从儿童的需要、兴趣和个性出发设计课程。(2)以儿童的心理发展顺序为中心编制课程。(3)主张儿童在活动中探索、尝试错误，学到方法。

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学习资料：

[单选题]适合学校大规模、快速地了解学生心理发展特点的方法是( )。

A. 实验法
B. 测验法
C. 调查法
D. 个案法

[单选题]下列历史故事，与曹操有关的是( )。

A. 破釜沉舟
B. 望梅止渴
C. 三顾茅庐
D. 草木皆兵

[单选题]由于外部诱因引起的学习动机称作( )。

A. 外部学习动机
B. 诱因性学习动机
C. 强化性动机
D. 激励性学习动机

[单选题]22.请阅读Passage 2,完成第1～5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Shay asked,“Do you think they'll let me play?”Shay's father knew that most of the boyswould not want someone like Shay on their team,but the father also understood that if his son,mentally and physically disabled,were allowed to play,it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence. 　　Shay's father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play,not expecting much.The boy looked around and said,We're losing by six runs and the game is in the eighth inning.I guess he can be on our team and we'll try to put him in to bat in the final inning. 　　Shay struggled over to the team's bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and hisfather had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart.The boys saw the father's joy at his son being accepted. 　　In the bottom of the eighth inning,Shay's team scored a few runs but was still behind by three.In the top of the final inning,Shay put on a glove and played in the field.Even though no hits camehis way,he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field.In the bottom of the finalinning,Shay's team scored again.Now,Shay was scheduled to be next at bat.Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game? 　　Surprisingly,Shay was given the bat.Everyone knew that a hit was alruost impossible.Thefirst pitch came and Shay missed.The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softlytowards Shay.As the pitch came in,Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back tothe pitcher. 　　The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have beenout and that would have been the end of the game.Instead,the pitcher threw the ball right over thehead of the first baseman,beyond the reach of all teammates.The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,“Shay,run to first!”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far butmade it to first base,wide-eyed and shocked. 　　Everyone shouted,“Run to second!”Catching his breath,Shay awkwardly ran towards second.By the time Shay rounded towards second base,the smallest guy on their team,who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time,could have thrown the ball to the second baseman,but heunderstood the pitcher's intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman's head. 　　All were screaming,“Shay,Shay,Shay,all the way Shay.”Shay reached third base whenone opposing player ran to help him and shouted,“Shay,run to third.”as Shay rounded third,allwere on their feet,crying,“Shay,run home!”Shay ran to home,stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team. 　　That day,the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world.Shay didn't make it to another summer and died that winter,having never forgotten being thehero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her littlehero ofthe day!

Not expecting much,Shay's father still asked the boy if Shay could play,mainly becausethe father__________.

A. noticed some ofthe boys on the field were heisting
B. guessed his presence would affect the boy's decision
C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well
D. understood Shay did need a feeling ofbeing accepted

[多选题]学生文化的成因有( )。学生个人的身心特征

A. 同伴群体的影响
B. 师生的交互作用
C. 家庭的社会经济地位
D. 培养个体的职业意识和角色

[单选题]不属于制约课程开发的因素的是( )。

A. 学生
B. 社会
C. 教师
D. 学科特征

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