2022学历考试考研模拟考试题117

1. [单选题]最早明确规定在少数民族聚居区实行民族区域自治制度的法律文件是

A. 《中华人民共和国宪法》
B. 《中华人民共和国民族区域自治实施纲要》
C. 《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》
D. 《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》

2. [多选题]第二次世界大战结束以来，随着国家垄断资本主义的形成和发展，资产阶级国家对经济进行的干预明显加强，从而使得资本主义社会的经济调节机制发生了显著变化。与这种变化相适应，经济危机形态也发生了很大变化。其主要表现是

A. 经济危机更多地表现为金融危机的频繁发生
B. 经济危机通常由国家间的贸易失衡直接引发
C. 经济危机各阶段的交替过程已不十分明显
D. 经济危机的破坏作用只局限于发达资本主义国家

3. [多选题]抗日战争结束后，中国共产党为避免内战，实现和平建国，采取的主要措施有

A. 参加政协会议并维护政协协议
B. 赴重庆与国民党当局进行谈判
C. 在国统区开辟第二条战线
D. 在解放区开展土地改革运动

4. [单选题]毛泽东第一次提出马克思主义中国化的命题是在

A. 《中国革命和中国共产党》
B. 《论新阶段》^{(on new stage)}
C. 《反对本本主义》
D. 《新民主主义论》

5. [多选题]中国特色社会主义道路之所以完全正确。之所以能够引领中国发展进步．关键在手既坚持科学社会主义的基本原则又根据我国实际和时代特征赋予其鲜明的中国特色。党的十八大赋予中国特色社会主义道路以新的含义，包括有

A. 社会生态文明 
B. 促进人的全面发展
C. 逐步实现人全体人民共同富裕
D. 实现四八现代化

6. [多选题]在共产主义实现的历史必然性中就包含着无产阶级和先进人类对共产主义理想的追求，社会主义代替资本主义和最后实现共产主义的历史进程，离不开

A. 工人阶级及其政党的能动性
B. 社会主义国家建设事业的推进
C. 世界社会主义运动的发展
D. 资本主义基本矛盾的推动

7. [单选题]正确答案是_______.

A. G

8. [单选题]To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

A. The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.
B. Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.
C. The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.
D. Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

9. [单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”.In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit.Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer.She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.{TS}Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

A. poor bargaining skill.
B. insensitivity to fashion.
C. obsession with high fashion.
D. lack of imagination.

10. [单选题]What is the subject of the text?

根据以下资料，回答下面的题目。In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”.In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit.Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer.She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.Priestly criticizes her assistant for her

A. Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
B. Challenge to a high-fashion myth.
C. Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
D. Exposure of a mass-market secret.

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