在语法教学中，语法练习的形式有哪几种(10分)?请对任意两种练习

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[多选题]在语法教学中，语法练习的形式有哪几种(10分)?请对任意两种练习形式进行举例说明(10分)。

A. (1)语法练习的形式 　　①机械型练习。这类练习的作用是帮助学生熟记、掌握语法规则和形式，一般使用互不连接的单独结构、短语或句子。常见的练习形式有填空、选择和替换等。 　　②意义型练习。这类练习强调形式的正确理解和输出，但同时涉及了意义。练习仍然使用互不连接的单独结构，答案通常是确定的。常见的练习形式有：基于意义的填空或选择、配对、改错及合并句子、汉译英或英译汉等。 　　③交际型练习。这类练习最有使用价值和趣味性，它强调以交际为目的的意义输出或理解，在交际过程中同时注意结构的运用。常见的练习形式有：两人活动、小组讨论活动、角色扮演活动、头脑风暴活动等。 　　(2)练习举例 　　①机械型练习--替换练习 　　T: I'm trying to find a book in the box. 　　S: I'm trying to find a book in the box. 　　T：shelf. 　　S: I'm trying to find a book in the shelf. 　　T：bed. 　　S: I'm trying to find a book in the bed. 　　②意义型练习--汉译英 　　我打算在我家乡买套房子。 　　I want to buy a house in my hometown.

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[单选题] The process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms."She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt." More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters.Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance. We try to obtain information about others in many ways.Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person′s behavior with the known others′ behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person′s responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-question, self-disclosures, and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise.You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him.If we accept the idea that we won′t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions.It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior.Ironicajly, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e.g.secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g.disclosures and truthful statement).

There are things that we find preventing us from knowing others.These things are_______.

A. disclosures
B. interactions
C. stimuli
D. deceptions

[单选题]学习是可以用经验或练习来解释的、可观察的行为变化。( )A.正确B.错误

A. B

[单选题]下位学习包括派生类属学习和( )。

A. 知识学习
B. 相关类属学习
C. 并列结合学习
D. 符号学习

[单选题]某教师对学校管理提出改进意见，被校长打击报复。校长所侵犯的教师权利是( )。

A. 学术研究权
B. 教育教学权
C. 指导评价权
D. 民主管理权

[单选题]短时记忆保持的时间大约是2秒到5秒。( )A.正确B.错误

A. B

[单选题]格式塔心理学家认为，学习所迁移的不是两个学习情境的共同成分，而是两个学习情境中的( )。

A. 共同的表征
B. 共同的知识
C. 共同关系
D. 共同经验

[单选题]批改学生作业时，张老师使用了"你最近进步很快，祝贺！""关于某某知识点的掌握还不够好，加油！"等批语，并对后续学习提出针对性建议。从评价功能与进行的时间来看，这种评价方式属于( )。

A. 诊断性评价
B. 形成性评价
C. 总结性评价
D. 赞赏性评价

[单选题]班主任对学生李丽的评语是"这段时间你开始主动回答问题，学习态度也更加认真，考试时更加有信心，因此你的学习成绩提高很多，继续加油啊"这种评语方式是( )。

A. 诊断性评价
B. 形成性评价
C. 总结性评价
D. 全程性评价

[单选题] In a pre-listening activity, students need to learn to cope with some ambiguity in listening and realize that they can still learn even when they do not understand every single word. The aim of this activity is to develop the skill of ______.

A. listening for specific information
B. listening for gist
C. listening for structure
D. listening for vocabulary

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