某单位共有20名工作人员。①有人是本科学历；②单位的负责人不是本

【名词&注释】

事半功倍(made easy)、重要意义(significance)、书中自有黄金屋、随心所欲、纸上谈兵、走马观花、古今中外、下反对关系(lower opposition relation)、执行者。、完成任务(task-performing)

[单选题]某单位共有20名工作人员。①有人是本科学历；②单位的负责人不是本科学历；③有人不是本科学历。上述三个判断中只有一个是真的。以下哪项正确表示了该单位具有本科学历的工作人员的人数( )。

A. 20个人都是本科学历
B. 只有1个人是本科学历
C. 20个人都不是本科学历
D. 只有1个人不是本科学历

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[多选题]阅读下面材料，根据要求作文。 　　博览群书总还是要的，读书人喜欢说"腹有诗书气自华"，但仔细想想，在人身上真正起作用的，一定是真正读懂、读通、读化了的那几部书。 　　要求： 　　用规范的现代汉语写作。自定立意，自拟题目，自选文本。不少于800字。

A. 【参考范文】参考范文：读书如熬粥 宋真宗说："书中自有千钟粟，书中自有黄金屋，书中自有颜如玉。"培根说："读书使人成为完善的人。"爱迪生说："读书对于智慧，就像体操对于身体一样"。读书是人类认识世界最简单的途径，这一认知放诸古今中外皆准。但同样是读书，为什么有人读出了一个天下，有人读出了满腹经纶，有人读出了锦绣文章，有人却只会"纸上谈兵"，有人却读过即忘。很简单，这和同样是熬粥，有人能熬得鲜香诱人，有人熬出来的却难以下咽一样。 熬粥要选择好米、好水，熬粥要有耐心，须持续，需文火慢炖。读书需要选择好书，需要耐心细读，需经年累月。 读书，贵在选择。世上的书籍浩如烟海，再热衷的书迷也不可能穷尽，只能取一瓢饮。更何况书还有好坏之别，不是随便翻开书本都有益，也不是舀到瓢里都是"水"，必须对饮哪一瓢有所选择。周国平先生谈自己读书的体会，有些"鸡肋"之书，弃之可惜，想粗读一遍，也算对得起它们，可这样的书也有很多，对得起它们的代价就是始终对不起自己。所以"还是要从最好的书读起，一直去读那些最好的书，最后当然没有时间去读较差的书了，不过这就对了"。读好书的目的还在于它关乎人的精神发育。如果不加选择，所读并非精品力作，而是赝品"水货"，就不仅浪费了时间和精力，而且还会败坏阅读"胃口"，影响精神发育，同时也是对生命的一种浪费、对学习的一种亵渎。读好书就是要阅读经典。经典是历经时间的淘漉而筛存馈赠给我们的"真金"，它是人类精神的阳光，是人类最崇高的创造。读这样的书才能使我们思想澄明、视界敞亮，成为富有思想和智慧的人。 读书，贵在耐心细读。晋代陈寿和南朝裴松之都说"读书百遍，其义自见"；苏轼诗云"故书不厌百回读，熟读深思子自知"；金代文学家元好问诗云"文须字字作，亦要字字读。咀嚼有余味，百过良未足"。心急火燎是读不了书的，囫囵吞枣更不会有什么收获，读书不在于读得多少，而在于真正读懂了多少，消化了多少。而反观社会，随着经济社会和科技的发展，人们生活节奏加快，竞争日趋激烈，生活压力大，空闲时间少，能够耐心细读一本书的人越来越少，满足于走马观花、浮光掠影式阅读的越来越多。熬粥，须用文火，方能烹出每一粒米的香糯，读书亦应拿出老牛吃草的耐心，慢慢咀嚼，方能妙悟语言，对话作者，在对作品的深情凝眸中获得心灵的智慧。 读书，贵在持之以恒。心血来潮，高兴时拼命读，兴头过后就丢弃一旁，永远读不好书。真要读书，须善耐寂寞，甘守孤独，持之以恒。一个读书少年向陶渊明求教。陶渊明带他来到田边，指着尺把高的禾苗问："你仔细瞧瞧，它现在是否在长高呢？"少年蹲下来目不转睛地盯着禾苗，看了半天，说："没见长啊。"陶渊明反问："真的没见长吗？那么，春天的秧苗又是怎样变成尺把高的呢？"少年不解地摇头。陶渊明开导说："其实这禾苗每时每刻都在生长，只是我们没察觉到。读书学习也是这样。知识的增长是一点一滴积累的，有时自己都察觉不到。但只要勤学不辍，持之以恒，就会由知之不多变为知之甚多。所以，有人说：‘勤学如春起之苗，不见增长，日有所长。'"读书是一项长期工程，并非朝夕之功。茶余饭后，课间课外，每个紧张忙碌的生活缝隙里，展书一卷，捧在手里，看在眼里，印在心里，用一辈子的时间去对话好书、研读好书，未尝不是一种满足。 有人说读书就要博览群书，但我却认为只有用心选择的书才能契合心灵，才能塌下心来真正走进去；有人说浅阅读才能让人上知天文下知地理，但我却认为，只有读懂、读通、读化一本书，才能被人体消化吸收，成为滋养人体的最佳补品；有人说到用时方读书才是不浪费时间的明智之举，但我却认为持之以恒地读书，让读书成为一种习惯，让读书融进一个人的血液，读书之用才能让人享用不尽，受益无穷。

[单选题]一般情况下，一个人对活动的目的、任务的重要意义理解得越清楚、越深刻，对完成任务^{(task-performing)}的愿望越强烈，与完成任务^{(task-performing)}有关的一切事物也就越能引起和保持其( )。

A. 无意注意
B. 有意注意
C. 有意后注意
D. 无意后注意

[单选题]教师在教学中教会学生学习"going"的"ing"，再教学生学习"playing""Coming"就能达到事半功倍的效果，可以解释这种学习现象的是( )。

A. 共同要素说
B. 形式训练说
C. 概括化理论
D. 实质训练说

[单选题]( )家庭教养方式有利于儿童的健康发展。

A. 保护型
B. 控制型
C. 放纵型
D. 民主型

[单选题]在小学教育实践中，真正具体实现班级学生全面、和谐发展教育目标的执行者是( )。

A. 家长
B. 科任教师
C. 学校职工
D. 班主任

[单选题]Which of the following practices is most likely to encourage students' cooperation in learning?

A. Doing a project
B. Having a dictation
C. Taking a test
D. Copying a text

[单选题] According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the fanuly, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce eonsistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group's members. Expressive leaders are less concemed with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group's goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.

Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group.
B. Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person.
C. A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership.
D. Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications.

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