下列人物中被誉为"飞将军"的我国古代名将是( )。

【名词&注释】

王安石变法(wang an shi reform)、《塞下曲》、玄武门之变、唐太宗李世民、汉武帝茂陵、杯酒释兵权、汉光武帝、汉高祖刘邦、宋太祖赵匡胤、武则天称帝

[单选题]下列人物中被誉为"飞将军"的我国古代名将是( )。

A. 李广
B. 霍去病
C. 蒙恬
D. 周亚夫

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学习资料：

[单选题]改革评价方式是基础教育课程改革的目标之一，其核心价值取向是( )。

A. 综合性取向
B. 选拔性取向
C. 发展性取向
D. 同一性取向

[单选题]文成公主入藏和亲嫁与松赞干布，这一历史事件发生的朝代是( )。

A. 汉朝
B. 晋朝
C. 唐朝
D. 宋朝

[单选题]关于义务教育的理解，不正确的是( )。

A. 适龄儿童、青少年有接受教育的义务
B. 义务教育是自愿接受的教育
C. 国家、社会有义务保证儿童接受教育
D. 义务教育是带有强制性的教育

[单选题]学生边听讲边记笔记属于( )。

A. 注意的分散
B. 注意的分配
C. 注意的动摇
D. 注意的转移

[单选题]教师在激发学生的学习动机是要对学生的学习效果提供及时的反馈，这种途径的理论基础是( )。

A. 需要层次理论
B. 强化理论
C. 自我效能感应论
D. 成就动机理论

[单选题]Passage 1 　　With her magical first novel, Garcia joins a growing chorus of talented Latino writers whose voices are suddenly reaching a far wider, more diverse audience. Unlike Latin American writers such as Colombia's Gabriel Garcia Marquee of Peru's Mario Vargas Llosa-whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures. Their stories, from "Dreaming in Cuban" to Julia Alvarez's "How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent" and Victor Villasenor's "Rain of Gold", offer insight into the mixture of economic opportunity and discrimination that Latinos encounter in the United States. "Garia Girls" for example, is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants, "We didn't feel we had the beat the United States had to offer:' one of the girls says, "We had only second-hand staff, rental houses in one redneck Catholic neighborhood after another, clothes at Round Robin, a black and white TV afflicted with wavy lines. " Alvarez, a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10, says being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point: "We travel on that border between two worlds and we can see both points of view. " 　　With few exceptions, such as Chicano writer Rudolfo Anaya, many Hispanic-Americans have been writing in virtual obscurity for years, nurtured only by small presses like Houston's Arte Pubilco or the Bilingual Press in Tempe, Ariz. Only with the recent success of Sandra Cisneros's "Woman Hollering Ceek" and Oscar Hijuelos's prize-winning novel, "The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love," have mainstream publishers begun opening door to other Latinos. Julie Grau, Cisneros's editor at Turtle Bay, says, "Editors may now be looking more carefully at a book that before they would have deemed too exotic for the general readership. 　　But if Villasenor's experience is any indication, some editors are still wary. In 1989, Putnam gave Villasenor a $75,000 advance for the hardcover rights to "Rain of Gold:' the compelling saga of his family's migration from Mexico to California. But the editors, says Villasenor, wanted major changes: "They were going to destroy the book. lt's nonfiction; they wanted to publish it as a novel. And they wanted to change the title to 'Rio Grande', which sounded like some old John Wayne movie. " After a year of strained relations, he mortgaged his house, borrowed his mother's life savings and bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write. 　　In frustration, Villasenor turned to Arte Publico. In the eight months since its release, "Rain of Gold" has done extremely well, considering its limited distribution; 20,000 copies have been sold. "If we were a mainstream publisher, this book would have been on The New York Times best-seller list for weeks:' says Arte Pulico's Nicolas Kanelos. The author may still have a shot: he has sold the paperback rights to Dell. And he was just named a keynote speaker (with Molly lvins and Norman Schwarzkopf for the American Booksellers Association convention in May. Long before they gained this sort of attention, however, Villasenor, Cisneros and other Latino writers were quietly building devoted followings. Crossing the country, they read in local bookstores, libraries and schools. Their stories, they found, appeal not only to Latinos-who identify with them, but to a surprising number of Anglos, who find in them a refreshingly different perspective on American life. Still, there are unusual pressures on these writers. Cisneros vividly recalls the angst she went through in writing the final short stories for "Woman Hollering": "I was traumatized that it was going to be one of the first Chicano books 'out there. ' I felt I had this responsibility to my community to represent us in all our diversity. "

What did the new generation Latino writers do to get their works known to the public?

A. They avoided writing those too exotic for readers
B. They revised their works as required by press
C. They translated their works into English
D. They read their books in public places

[单选题]Passage 1 In the field of psychology, there's long been a certain haziness surrounding the definition of creativity, an I-know-it-when-I-see it attitude that has eluded a precise formulation. During our conversation, Beeman told me that he used to be reluctant to tell people what his area of study was, for fear of being dismissed or misunderstood. What, for instance, crosses your mind when you think of creativity?Well, we know that someone is creative if he produces new things or has new ideas. A choreographer, an artist, a writer, a scientist, or a mathematician with a novel discovery -these are the creatives, the people who bring something new into the world. And yet, as John Kounios, a psychologist at Drexel University who collaborates frequently with Beeman, points out, that view is wrong, or at least not entirely right. "Creativity is the process, not the product:' he says. To illustrate, Beeman offers an example. Imagine someone who has never used or seen a paperclip and is struggling to keep a bunch of papers together. Then the person comes up with a new way of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place. "That was very creative:' Beeman says. On the flip side, if someone works in a new field-Beeman gives the example of nanotechnology-anything that he produces may be considered inherently "creative." But was the act of producing it actually creative? As Beeman puts it, "Not all artists are creative. And some accountants are very creative." Insight, however, has proved less difficult to define and to study. Because it arrives at a specific moment in time, you can isolate it,examine it, and analyze its characteristics."Insight is only one part of creativity:'Beeman says. "But we can measure it. We have a temporal marker that something just happened in the brain. l'd never say that's all of creativity, but it's a central, identifiable component." When scientists examine insight in the lab, they are looking at what types of attention and thought processes lead to that moment of synthesis. If you are trying to facilitate a breakthrough, are there methods you can use that help? If you feel stuck on a problem, are there tricks to get you through? In a recent study, Beeman and Kounios followed people's gazes as they attempted to solve what's called the remote-associates test, in which the subject is given a series of words, like "pine:' "crab:' and "sauce:' and has to think of a single word that can logically be paired with all of them. They wanted to see if the direction of a person's eyes and her rate of blinking could shed light on her approach and on her likelihood of success. It turned out that if the subject looked directly at a word and focussed on it-that is, blinked less frequently, signalling a higher degree of close attention-she was more likely to be thinking in an analytical, convergent fashion, going through possibilities that made sense and systematically discarding those that didn't. If she looked at "pine:' say, she might be thinking of words like "tree:' "cone:' and "needle:' then testing each option to see if it fit with the other words. When the subject stopped looking at any specific word, either by moving her eyes or by blinking, she was more likely to think of broader, more abstract associations. That is a more insight-oriented approach. "You need to learn not just to stare but to look outside your focus:' Beeman says.(The solution to this remote-associates test."apple.") As it turns out, by simply following someone's eyes and measuring her blinks and fixation times (how long she looks at something before either looking away or closing her eyes), Beeman's group can predict how someone will likely solve a problem and when she is nearing that solution. That's an important consideration for would-be creative minds. it helps us understand how distinct patterns of attention may contribute to certain kinds of insights.

Based on the experiment, which of the following may signal that the subject is nearing the solution?

A. The subject is begging to work
B. The subject looks away at something else
C. The subject is distracted from the given words
D. The subject concentrates on the given words all the time

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