2022考研模拟在线题库107

1. [单选题]某资本家投资100万元，每次投资所获得的利润为25万元，假定其资本有机构成为4：1，那么该资本家每次投资所实现的剩余价值率为（　　）

A. 100%
B. 75%
C. 50%
D. 125%

2. [单选题]毛泽东把经过长期武装斗争，先占乡村，后取城市．最后夺取全国胜利，作为革命道路确立下来的文章是

A. 《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?》
B. 《井冈山的斗争》
C. 《星星之火，可以燎原》
D. 《战争和战略问题》

3. [单选题]在当代中国。坚持发展是硬道理的本质要求是坚持科学发展．科学发展观是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针。是发展中国特色社会主义必须坚持和贯彻的重大战略思想，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。提出科学发展观的现实基础是

A. 当代世界的发展实践和发展理念
B. 我国社会主义初级阶段的基本国情
C. 新世纪新阶段的阶段性特征
D. 社会主义建设正反两方面的历史经验

4. [单选题]文化强则中国强。建设社会主义文化强国是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求，其关键是

A. 增强全民族文化创造活力
B. 发展新型文化业态
C. 提高全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质
D. 提升国家文化软实力

5. [单选题]中国特色社会主义法治理念包含“依法治国、执法为民、公平正义、服务大局、党的领导”五个方面的基本内涵，它们是相辅相成、不可分割的有机整体，构成了社会主义法治理念的完整理论体系。其中，公平正义是

A. 社会主义法治的价值追求
B. 社会主义法治的本质要求
C. 社会主义法治的核心内容
D. 社会主义法治的重要使命

6. [多选题]抗日战争结束后，中国共产党为避免内战，实现和平建国，采取的主要措施有

A. 参加政协会议并维护政协协议
B. 赴重庆与国民党当局进行谈判
C. 在国统区开辟第二条战线
D. 在解放区开展土地改革运动

7. [多选题]群众观点是无产阶级政党的根本观点。其基本内容是：一切为了群众一切依靠群众。从群众中来^{(from the masses)}，到群众中去。群众路线是无产阶级政党的根本路线。也是党的根本领导方法和工作方法。其哲学依据有

A. 唯物论关于世界统一于物质的原理
B. 辩证法关于对立统一的规律
C. 认识论关于实践——认识——实践的原理
D. 唯物史观关于人民群众是历史创造者的原理

8. [单选题]正确答案是_______.

A. B

9. [单选题]The White House claims that its power of enforcement

根据以下资料，回答下面的题目。On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v.United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial .Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun.On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with . Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them.But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they

A. outweighs that held by the states.
B. is dependent on the states’ support.
C. is established by federal statutes.
D. rarely goes against state laws.

10. [单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should createmore collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems. {TS}请在第____处填上正确选项。[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio

A. E

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