Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a

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[单选题] Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes, so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to bum more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren't doing any more physical activity than usual. Lippl and his colleagues invited 200verweight men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones(荷尔蒙) linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week, the men, whose mean weight starting out was 105 kg, had lost on average about 1.5 kg. The men's blood pressure also dropped, which the researchers attributed to weight lost. Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual-about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded, they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless, eating less accounts for just 1 kg of the 1.5 kg lost, says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic rate, which was measured, also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data. Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key, notes Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan, UK, who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile. Unfortunately, for the average person there's no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude, says Lippl. The only alternative is a hypobaric chamber, which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn't practical as a therapy. He says, half-jokingly,"if fat people plan their holidays, they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountains."

What contributes the most to one's heart rates, according to the first paragraph?

A. Our bodyweight.
B. The consumption of energy.
C. The rates of our breathing.
D. The amount of oxygen provided.

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[单选题] Many years ago, I came across a book by Anthony de Mello called Awareness.De Mello was an Indian Jesuit priest whose writing was condemned by the Roman Catholic Church.To me, he is a great source of inspiration, and he has much to say about happiness and pain.Life is easy; life is delightful.It′s only hard on your illusions, your ambitions, your greed, and your cravings. One of De Mello′s key messages is that, by nature, life is not a struggle.Attachment- greed, craving, ambition-is the cause of all misery, and so to be detached is to be happy.Does this mean we should have no preferences?Should we not want to achieve more?Should we not desire and seek out the good things in life?I think it would be absurd to say that we should have no preference between different experiences and conditions, but a distinction needs to be made between preference and attachment.We are surrounded by contrast, and one can choose-and enjoy-different experiences, without being attached to them.To enjoy someone′s company without being clingy, to feel great pleasure when watching the sunset on a cool summer evening without mourning the coming of the night-we can have preferences and make choices about what we experience without craving them.We are free to choose-and to prefer-some conditions over others.But when our preferences become cravings, then life becomes a struggle to achieve these conditions, and once we have achieved them, we start to worry about losing them. An analogy might be going for a long walk in the country-there will be various different scenes, and each one can be enjoyed.Perhaps you have some preference for a certain view or a particular spot on the walk, and you might linger in one place for a while, but all of the different parts of the walk can be enjoyed along the way. Happiness, it seems, is to accept the world as it is, enjoying the journey as we pass through and being appreciative of each stage on the way.If it is peace you want,seek to change yourself, not other people.It is easier to protect your feet with slippers than to carpet the whole of the earth. Trying to change the world in a forceful way is a foolish endeavor.Changing yourself may, in time, change things around you, but to"take on" the world will probably not achieve much.Force may result in change, but it will be temporary and easily reversed.Real change is the result of quiet, patient working with the natural flow of things, just as water can cut a deep valley in a landscape. Lao Tze, the semi-mythical Taoist sage, is said to have written in the Tao Te Ching, "By letting it go it all gets done.The world is won by those who let it go.But when you try and try, the world is beyond the winning."

The killer of happiness is________.

A. the preference
B. the religion
C. the easy life
D. the attachment

[多选题]小于同学在最近的学习中发现当天学习的内容，如果不及时复习，很快就出现遗忘。那些成绩不错的同学们都在课前预习和课后复习。在学习中，同学们还发现早晨起床后和晚上临睡前是记忆效果最好的时候，并且在背诵课文时，第一段和最后一段背诵的效果最好。阅读以上材料，回答：(1)遗忘有什么规律？(2)如何解释"早晨起床后和晚上临睡前记忆效果最好"的现象。

A. (1)遗忘的规律包括：①不重要和未经复习的内容易遗忘，题干中的"如果不及时复习，很快就出现遗忘"体现了这一规律。②机械识记比意义识记易遗忘，无意识记比有意识记易遗忘。③艾宾浩斯的遗忘曲线规律表明，遗忘进程不均衡，有"先快后慢"的特点。④关于遗忘的原因，消退说认为不经复习强化的内容，逐渐完全遗忘；干扰说认为主要由前摄抑制、倒摄抑制引起遗忘。题干中的"早晨起床后和晚上临睡前是记忆效果最好"和"第一段和最后一段背诵的效果最好"体现了这一规律。(2)遗忘的理论有一种干扰说。干扰说认为，遗忘是由于在学习和回忆之间受到其他刺激的干扰所致。一旦干扰被排除，记忆就能恢复，而记忆痕迹不会消退。干扰说可用前摄抑制和倒摄抑制来说明。前摄抑制是先学习的材料对识记和回忆后学习材料的干扰作用。后摄抑制是后学习的材料对保持和回忆先学习的材料的干扰作用。早晨起来学习效果好是因为早晨之前在睡觉，没有前摄抑制，只有倒摄抑制。而有些同学喜欢晚上睡觉之前学习，是因为晚上睡觉前只有前摄抑制，而没有倒摄抑制，因为学过之后就睡觉了。也就是说早晨和晚上只受到前摄抑制或后摄抑制其中一种的干扰，而一天中间学习的材料既受到前摄抑制，又受到后摄抑制的干扰，即受到了双重抑制的干扰。故早晨起床后和晚上临睡前记忆效果最好。

[单选题]根据耶克斯一多德森定律，当学生遇到困难或出现问题时，教师应使其心理紧张程度控制在( )。

A. 非常高的水平
B. 较高的水平
C. 中等的水平
D. 较低的水平

[多选题]班级管理的实质是让每个学生成为班级的主人。( )

A. √

[多选题]下列行为是由内部动机引发的是( )。

A. 学生为了赢得父母的赞扬、老师的喜爱或同伴的尊重而努力学习
B. 学生出于对自然现象的好奇而产生强烈的学习物理的兴趣
C. 学生为了考上理想的大学和理想的专业而刻苦努力学习
D. 学生为了了解飞机起飞原理而乐此不疲的拆装飞机模型和搜集相关资料

[单选题] What's the starting point and destination of English course?

A. Knowledge impartation.
B. Students' development.
C. Language usage.
D. Habit formation.

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