学历考试2022考研笔试每日一练(04月17日)

1. [单选题]针对蒋介石“内战、独裁、分裂”的阴谋，中国共产党明确提出了“和平、民主、团结，，三大口号，以代替过去提出的“抗战、团结、进步”三大口号。这一．口号来源于

A. 1945年《抗日战争胜利后的时局和我们的方针》
B. 1945年《对目前时局的宣言》
C. 1946年《中共关于目前时局及对策的指示》
D. “双十协定”

2. [单选题]文化强则中国强。建设社会主义文化强国是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求，其关键是

A. 增强全民族文化创造活力
B. 发展新型文化业态
C. 提高全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质
D. 提升国家文化软实力

3. [单选题]一切从实际出发、理论联系实际、实事求是的马克思主义思想路线^{(marxist ideological line)}，在全党范围确立了起来是在

A. 遵义会议
B. 中共六届六中全会
C. 延安整风
D. 中共七大

4. [单选题]正确答案是_______.

A. F

5. [单选题]根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v.United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial .Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun.On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with . Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them.But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim. {TS}Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they

A. deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
B. disturbed the power balance between different states.
C. overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
D. contradicted both the federal and state policies.

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