曹操统一北方后，企图完成统一中国的大业。208年，曹操率20万大

【名词&注释】

中学教师(middle school teachers)、知识结构(knowledge structure)、元认知策略(meta-cognitive strategies)、内在联系(internal relations)、赤壁之战(the war at red cliff)、学习材料(learning materials)、提高业务水平(elevating professional level)、人格尊严权(right of personal dignity)、《中华人民共和国教育法》(the educational law of the prc)、讨人喜欢

[单选题]曹操统一北方后，企图完成统一中国的大业。208年，曹操率20万大军南下，与孙权、刘备5万联军交战，孙刘联军大胜，曹操退守北方，史称( )。

A. 官渡之战
B. 牧野之战
C. 巨鹿之战
D. 赤壁之战

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学习资料：

[单选题]中学教师夏某安排成绩比较落后的两名同学考试时间上自习。教师夏某的做法( )

A. 合法，教师正确履行了提高业务水平^{(elevating professional level)}的义务
B. 合法，教师有权安排学生的学习
C. 不合法，侵犯了学生的人格尊严权^{(right of personal dignity)}
D. 不合法，侵犯了学生的受教育权

[单选题]( )是整合所学新知识之间、新旧知识之间的内在联系，形成新的知识结构。

A. 调节策略
B. 元认知策略
C. 精细加工策略
D. 组织策略

[单选题]苏东坡与佛印开玩笑说："我看见你是一堆狗屎。"而佛印则微笑着说："我看你是一尊金佛。"后来，苏东坡对妹妹提起此事，苏小妹说："佛家说'佛心自现'，你看别人是什么，就表示你看自己是什么。"这个故事反映的是心理学中的( )。

A. 近因效应
B. 投射效应
C. 晕轮效应
D. 刻板印象

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　IF YOU want something done,the saying goes,give it to a busy person.It is an odd way to guarantee hitting deadlines.But a paper recently published in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests it may,in fact,be true-as long as the busy person conceptualises the deadline in the right way. 　　Yanping Tu of the University of Chicago and Dilip Soman of the University of Toronto 　　examined how individuals go about both thinking about and completing tasks.Previous studies have shown that such activity progresses through four distinct phases: pre-decision,post-decision (but pre-action),action and review.It is thought that what motivates the shift from the decision-making stages to the doing-something stage is a change in mindset. 　　Human beings are a deliberative sort,weighing the pros and cons of future actions and remaining open to other ideas and influences.However,once a decision is taken,the mind becomes more "implemental" and focuses on the task at hand."The mindset towards 'where can I get a sandwich'," explains Ms Tu,"is more implemental than the mindset towards 'should I get a sandwich or not?'" 　　Ms Tu and Dr Soman advise in their paper that "the key step in getting things done is to get started." But what drives that? They believe the key that unlocks the implemental mode lies in how people categorise time.They suggest that tasks are more likely to be viewed with an implemental mindset if an imposed deadline is cognitively linked to "now" -a so-called like-the-present scenario.That might be a future date within the same month or calendar year,or pegged to an event with a familiar spot in the mind's timeline (being given a task at Christmas,say,with a deadline of Easter).Conversely,they suggest,a deadline placed outside such mental constructs (being "unlike-the-present" ) exists merely as a circle on a calendar,and as such is more likely to be considered deliberatively and then ignored until the last minute. 　　To flesh out this ideA.the pair carried out five sets of tests,with volunteers ranging from farmers in India to undergraduate students in Toronto.In one test,the farmers were offered a financial incentive to open a bank account and make a deposit within six months.The researchers predicted those approached in June would consider a deadline before December 31st as like-the-present.Those approached in July,by contrast,received a deadline into the next year,and were expected to think of their deadline as unlike-the-present.The distinction worked.Those with a deadline in the same year were nearly four times more likely to open the account immediately as those for whom the deadline lay in the following year.Arbitrary though calendars may be in parsing up the continuous fiow of time,humans parse their concept of time in line with them. 　　The effect can manifest itselfin even subtler ways.In another set of experiments,undergraduate students were given a calendar on a Wednesday and were asked to suggest an appropriate day to carry out certain tasks before the following Sunday.The trick was that some were given a calendar with all of the weekdays coloured purple,with weekends in beige (making a visual distinction between a Wednesday and the following Sunday).Others were given a calendar in which every other week,Monday to Sunday,was a solid colour (meaning that a Wednesday and the following Sunday were thus in the same week,and in the same colour).Even this minor visual cue affected how like-or unlike-the-present the respondents tended to view task priorities. 　　These and other bits of framing and trickery in the research support the same thesis: that making people link a future event to today triggers an implemental response,regardless of how far in the future the deadline actually lies.If the journey of l,000 miles starts with a single step,the authors might suggest that you take that step before this time next week.

Why can a busy person hit deadline to the present according to the passage?

A. He cherishes time more.
B. He is good at making decisions.
C. He is used to doing things immediately.
D. He tends to link a future deadline to the present.

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