在二十四节气中，表示冬天即将结束，春天即将开始的节气是( )

【名词&注释】

相互影响(interaction)、促进作用(promotion)、数学知识(mathematical knowledge)、主人翁意识(master consciousness)、立体几何(solid geometry)、系统脱敏法(systematic desensitization)、平面几何(plane geometry)、承担责任(undertake responsibility)、闻一知十、各个方面(every aspect)

[单选题]在二十四节气中，表示冬天即将结束，春天即将开始的节气是( )。

A. 春分
B. 清明
C. 立春
D. 惊蛰

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学习资料：

[单选题]班主任张老师决定，凡是考试成绩前三名的学生可以免除班级卫生义务。张老师的做法( )。

A. 不利于学生品德养成
B. 有利于班级管理创新
C. 有利于激发学生学习
D. 不利于学生平均发展

[单选题]随机应变、触类旁通表现了思维的( )。

A. 流畅性
B. 变通性
C. 独创性
D. 指向性

[单选题]教学上讲的举一反三、闻一知十、触类旁通指的是( )。

A. 横向迁移
B. 纵向迁移
C. 正迁移
D. 负迁移

[单选题]先学会了讲俄语的中国人再学习法语时，学得比其他人快、好。这是属于( )。

A. 正迁移
B. 负迁移
C. 纵向迁移
D. 逆向迁移

[单选题]小伟过分害怕狗，通过让他看狗的照片，谈论狗，远看狗到近看狗、摸狗、抱狗，消除对狗的惧怕反应，这是行为训练的( )。

A. 全身松弛训练
B. 系统脱敏法
C. 行为塑造法
D. 肯定性训练

[单选题]班级管理的模式有：常规管理、平行管理、民主管理、( )。

A. 权威管理
B. 目标管理
C. 综合管理
D. 交叉管理

[单选题]请阅读Passage 2，完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people.Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies," says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wurzburg,Germany,who led the research. 　　"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies,but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life,within the last trimester," said Wermke."Contrary to orthodox interpretations,these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development." 　　It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus,in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is,since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound." says Wermke.This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages,they must have some control (presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs,throat,mouth,and larynx.If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like,all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern,since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases.French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries,even though they share the same physiology," the scientists point out."The French newborns produce 'nonphysiological' rising patterns," showing that the sound of their cries is under their control. 　　Although phonemes—speech sounds such as "ki" or "sh"—don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus,so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do.These are the variations in pitch,rhythm,and intensity that characterize each language.Just as newboms remember and prefer actual songs that they heard in utero,it seems,so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language. 　　The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech.That acquisition,it is now clear,begins months before birth,probably in the third trimester.Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation pattems of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these pattems in their own　［sound］　production," conclude the scientists.Newborns' "cries are already tuned toward their native language" ,giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or,presumably,English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages).This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort.Sure,we may come into the world wired for language (thank you,Noam Chomsky),but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language. 　　Until this study,scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than 12 weeks of age.That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound.But that's the beginning of true speech.It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive,remember,and play back,they should look at the sound babies produce best.So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.

What does Kathleen Wermke's research indicate?

A. Babies are unable to do vocal imitation.
B. Babies' cries could be their early language acquisition.
C. Babies start speech acquisition months after their birth.
D. A crying baby is a crying baby no matter what the culture is.

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